The battle between Israel and Iran is threatening the entire middle East and the two countries are continuously carrying out air strikes on each other. Meanwhile, Iran was claimed to get help from Pakistan and Mohsin quilt, a senior Iran military officer, said that if Israeli nuclear attacks on Iran, Pakistan will also attack Israel. But Pakistan rejected it outright. In such a situation, we know how there are relations between Pakistan and Iran?
Border dispute and terrorism
The relationship between Pakistan and Iran was established on 14 August 1947, the day Pakistan became independent. Iran was the first country to recognize Pakistan. There has been a history of relationships between the two because geographically they are connected to each other who share a boundary of about 990 km. Pakistan and Iran also have shared socio-economic, ethnic and cultural similarities in the border areas between Pakistan and Iran. The Sunni community has more population in Pakistan while Iran is a Shia -dominated country.
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Both Iran and Pakistan are Islamic countries and there are cultural and religious similarities between them. But the border dispute between them, allegations of terrorism and a conflict of regional interests have caused tension in relationships from time to time. There is a long border between Pakistan and Iran which connects Balochistan and Sistan-Balochistan provinces. Many issues on this border have raised relations. The two countries accuse each other of sheltering terrorist groups from their land.
Allegations of sheltering Baloch rebels
One reason for the dispute between the two countries is Jaish al Adal, this Sunni terrorist organization is active in Iran and the Iranian government believes that it gets support from Pakistan. In January 2024, Iran carried out missiles and drone attacks on Jaish al-Audal bases in Balochistan, Pakistan, which Pakistan also retaliated, stating illegal action.
Apart from this, there has been a dispute between the two about the Baloch Liberation Army. Pakistan claims that the Baloch rebel faction BLA operating in Iran gets support from Iran, which attacks Balochistan, Pakistan. The name of this organization came up in the recent Zafar Express Hijack, after which Pakistan was quite gritty.
Drugs and weapons smuggling
Iran believes that Pakistan shelters Sunni terrorist groups such as Jaish al-Aadal on its land, which attacks in Sistan-Balochistan province of Iran. Iran demanded action on the issue from Pakistan after the terrorist attacks in 2023 and 2024. In contrast, Pakistan claims that Iran supports Baloch rebels, which are involved in terrorist activities in Pakistan. Pakistan has also accused Iran of supporting Shia extremists on its land.
Apart from this, smuggling of drugs and weapons on the border has also increased tension between the two countries. Iran started plans to build a 4 meter high and 300 km long wall on its border in 2024 to prevent terrorism, drug smuggling and intruders from entering the country. The assassination of eight Pakistani nationals in a car workshop in Sistan-Balochistan, Iran in April 2025 further increased the tension between the two countries. Pakistan condemned this and demanded the arrest of the culprits. But then Iran called it a terrorist attack.
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Iran’s growing cooperation with India and Saudi Arabia also makes Pakistan uncomfortable. Apart from this, after the Islamic revolution in Iran, its relationship with Pakistan was seen. After this revolution, Iran’s power was occupied by the Shia community, on the contrary, the relationship with Sunni -dominated Pakistan started, which has been going on till now.