At this time there is an atmosphere of war in the middle East of the world. Israel-Iran’s struggle has now become a struggle of Iran and US. When Iran is seen in the midst of this atmosphere of war, the protected history of 4000 years of this land also comes out. This history is recorded, the rich Sanskrit, food, dress and handwriting of Iran.
When man learned to speak, he started to create a signal to strengthen his feelings. Many types of pictures were made in those signs and scripts developed from these pictures and signs. The development of linguistics of Adimanav is a thick blueprint. The ancient history of India is found to be recorded in many scripts, including Brahmi script, Shankha script, Sharda script, Devanagari etc. These series of scripts are not limited to this. In this, many names like Pali, Prakrit, Gupta also join further, but the importance of the special script that needs to be talked about is Kharoshi script.
The ancient handwriting of the world includes Kharoshthi
The matter of Kharoshthi script is because while this script is a very ancient script on one side, the wires of this script connect with the world civilization, which has a special role of ancient Iran. In this way, a script seems to be adding two different geographical areas of two and a half to three thousand years ago to a wire somewhere. Cultural, business and historical relations between the Indian subcontinent and ancient Iran (Persia) are centuries old. An important aspect of these relationships is the development and proliferation of ancient scripts, in which the Kharoshthi script is a prominent example. The emergence and development of the Kharoshthi script, which was prevalent in the northwest regions of ancient India, is deeply associated with Iran’s cultural and administrative systems.
The Kharoshthi script has been a major script of ancient India and was used in especially in the northwest India (today in Pakistan and Afghanistan) from the third century BC to the third century BC. This script, written from right to left, was considered one of the major scripts of Gandhara region. Kharoshthi was used to write administrative documents, inscriptions, coins, and Buddhist texts. Its origin is linked to the Armike script, which was the official script (official script) of the Akhmani Empire in the ancient Iran.
How are the letters of Kharoshthi?
Explaining this in detail about this, Dr. Ankit Jaiswal, a researcher of ancient history and archeology, says that Kharoshthi script has no connection with the letters of Brahmi. The letters of the Kharoshthi are based on the letters of the Aramic script. The Ari (Aramic) script of Iran’s Hakhamani rulers was behaved throughout Western Asia. Kharoshthi script has come only with this virgin script. Although the Hakhamani rulers had legally created a new script on the basis of the Ari Language, yet the era language and script were used more and more in the whole of Western Asia. This is because the Hakhamani rulers used this script for the governance.
Even before the Hakhamani rule, while the Hakhamani Empire was not formed, Gandhar was the entire part of the country in Iran. Due to the script of the governance, the people of Gandhar country also came to know about this virtuous script. Some articles of the Armi script have also been found from Taxila and Afghanistan. The Eriya script is basically a semetic script, so this script was also written from the right side to the left side like all semetic scripts (Finishian, Hebrew, Arabic etc.).
Sematic scripts are fine to write the languages ​​of the sematic family. They do not contain signs for selfishness. Nevertheless, on the basis of semetic scripts, a letter of alphabetic script has been created for the languages ​​of India-European Family. The first script of ancient Iran was built on the basis of the Ari script. Then, based on this previous script, there was also a comprehensive script. Before the use of Brahmi and its contemporary Iranian scripts have also been formed on the basis of Arami (Aramic) script, about 500 BC. Daryavush (559-530 BC) was a prominent Hakhamani emperor. One opinion about the origin of Bisitoon inscriptions is that they are written in ‘Kharoshthi’ itself.
He says that according to one opinion, the word Kharoshthi is made up of the word ‘Khash-Post’. ‘Khash’ means ‘Shah’ and this word is also found in Sanskrit ‘Kshitish’ or Iranian language. The word ‘pop’ means ‘letter’, and this word is found only in ancient Iranian scripts. It is clear from this that this word is originally made from this script.
Buddhist texts are also recorded
Initially it was named by European scholars like Bactrian, Indo-Bactro-Pali or Ariano-Pari. The Kharoshthi name is in the list of 64 scripts recorded in Lalitvistar (Mahayana Buddhist sect). The original of the Kharoshthi is Kharpost (Ukharpost Ukhrosha). Post is the word of Iranian language which means ‘skins’. The name of a municipal India is also recorded in Mahamayuri. According to the Chinese tradition, it was invented by Rishi Kharsh. However, the story behind this name is unclear. Some scholars believe that the name may be of Iranian or Central Asian origin, which reflects the multicultural character of the region.
Kharoshthi script was used widely in Gandhara and surrounding areas. In the inscriptions of Maurya Emperor Ashoka (268-232 BCE), the use of Kharoshthi is seen in north-western areas, such as inscriptions of Shahbazgarhi and Mansehra. These inscriptions are evidence of Ashoka’s Buddhist propagation and reflect the administrative significance of Kharoshthi script.
The use of Kharoshthi was not limited to administrative functions only. With the spread of Buddhism, many Buddhist texts were written in this script. These texts written in Gandhari Prakrit reached Central Asia and China, where Buddhism was propagated. Birch Bark Manuscripts written in Kharoshthi are still found in archaeological discoveries, which show the literary and religious significance of this script.
Where did the spread from where?
The business routes between ancient Iran and India, such as silk routes, were the main means of cultural exchange. Through these routes, not only objects, but also thoughts, art, and scripts were exchanged. The Kharoshthi script spread to regions of Central Asia, such as Bakhria (current Afghanistan) and Sogdiana, which were in the influence of ancient Iran. The importance of Kharoshthi script increased further with the rise of the Kushan Empire (first to third century AD).
The Kushan rulers, who were of Central Asian and Iranian origin, used Kharoshthi in their coins and inscriptions. The simultaneous use of Kharoshthi and Greek script on Kushan coins reflects the multicultural character of this region. The Kushan Empire acted as a cultural bridge between Iran, India, and Central Asia, in which the Kharoshthi script played an important role.