After the Pahalgam terrorist attack, Pakistan has deployed several advanced radar and surface -to -air missile systems to strengthen its air defense systems near the Indian border. These include Chinese-origin HQ-9/P long distance air defense system and its HT-233 radar.
On the other hand, India has deployed Su-30 MKI fighter jet, Russian KH-31P anti-radiation missile and Swadeshi Rudram-1 missile to increase its Spension of Animi Air Defense (SEAD) capabilities. This report focuses on Pakistan’s radar deployment, India’s SEAD strategy and technical characteristics of these missiles.
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Radar deployment near Pakistan’s Indian border
Pakistan has deployed several radar and missile systems near the Indian border to strengthen its air defense.
HQ-9/P air defense system
Type: Long -distance surface -to -air missile (sam) system.
Range: About 125 km (up to 200 km according to some sources).
Radar: HT-233 Fage-Are Fire Control Radar, which works with active radar homeing (ARH) and Inspector Navigation System (INS). This radar can detect goals at a distance of up to 150 km.
Properties: HQ-9/P is considered an advanced version of Chinese S-300PMU, capable of destroying complex air threats such as fighter jets, cruise missiles and drones.
Deployment: Pakistan has deployed these systems in Punjab and Sindh provinces, especially around Lahore, Karachi and Rawalpindi. All these are close to the border with India.
Ly-80 and LY-80ev
Type: Medium -distance air defense system (lomads).
Range: 40-70 km
Radar: IBS-150 S-Band Passive Electronically Scan Ear (PESA) radar and L-band fire control radar.
Properties: Use of semi-active radar homeing (SARH) and INS. These systems are capable of targeting the goals flying at low altitude. These systems are mainly deployed to protect military bases and important infrastructure near the border.
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FM-90 (Export version of HQ-7)
Type: Small distance air defense system (e-shorads).
Range: 15 km
Command-guided missiles that can target drones, helicopters and aircraft flying at low altitude. These systems are used to protect military bases and airports near the border.
Strategic importance
These posts of Pakistan are to prevent India’s aerial attacks, especially after the 2019 Balakot air strike. Pakistan’s target increases the threat to the Indian Air Force (IAF) by the deployment of HQ-9/P and its HT-233 radar. To strengthen your defense systems. However, the effectiveness of these radars may be limited to India’s advanced SEAD strategies.
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India’s Sead Strategy: Su-30 MKI and KH-31p
The Air Force of India has used the Su-30 MKI fighter jet and KH-31P anti-radiation missiles to do SEAD missions. Multi-bite fighter jet, which is capable of carrying long distance flights and heavy weapons. It is ideal for SEAD missions as it can launch missiles from high altitude (up to 15 km).
Weapon: KH-31p, Rudram-1, BrahMos-A and Astra missiles. The long operational range of Su-30 MKI and advanced avionics make it effective to target Pakistani radars.
KH-31P Anti-Redressing Missile
Supersonic anti-radiation missile.
Range: 110-250 km (dependent on the height of the launch)
motion: Mac 3.5+ (about 4300 km/h)
Navigation: Passive Homeing Head (PHH) which detects the K-band radar signal. It works in lock-on-bifur/after-launch mode.
Properties
Low RCS (radar cross-section): Its low radar signature prevents it from being caught by radar.
High-dear terminal attack: The missile comes down rapidly from height, which does not give time to react to the radar.
Lafted launch: The missile can be launched from a distance of more than 100 km, which keeps Su-30 MKI at a safe distance.
Effect: KH-31p HQ-9/P can destroy the HT-233 radar, as its fast speed and K-band homeing radar Ooda (Observe, Orient, Decide, Act) disrupts the loop. It destroys it before knowing the radar.
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Sead operation
Su-30 MKI launches KH-31p from a height of 15 km, which targets the HT-233 radar 100–125 km away. The passive homeing head of the missile detects the signal of the radar and moves fast. Its low RCS and high-death attack do not give time to respond to the radar, which destroys radar.
Result: The HQ-9/P system becomes blind, which makes air strikes easier for Indian aircraft.
Rudram-1: India’s indigenous anti-radiation missile
Rudram-1 is India’s first indigenous anti-radiation missile, which has been developed by DRDO. This is an advanced option of KH-31P. SEAD has the ability to bring revolutionary changes in missions. Supersonic air-to-surface anti-radiation missile.
Range: 100–250 km (depending on the height of the launch, from 500 meters to 15 km).
motion: Mac 2 (about 2470 km/h)
Weight: 140 kg
Navigation
early stages: INS, GPS and Indian Navic Satellite Navigation.
Final Stage: Passive Homeing Head (PHH) which can detect radar signal from a distance of 100 km.
Millimeter Wave (MMW) Sikar: The ability to work in different seasons.
Lock-on-Biffor/after Lt: Flexible targeting.
Speciality: Rudram-1 can also track the target even when the radar is closed, as it uses interpreter navigation and memory tracking.
Target: Radar, communication center and other radio frequency sources.
Impact on Pakistani radars
HQ-9/P and HT-233 radar: Rudram-1’s 250 km range and MMW Sikar enable it to destroy the HT-233 radar, even if the radar is closed. Its PHH can catch the signal from 100 km. The memory tracking targets the last location of the radar.
Ly-80 and FM-90 radar: Rudram-1 accuracy (10 meter CEP) and long range makes it effective in destroying these radars.
Rudram-1’s indigenous technology frees India from dependence on Russian missiles. SEAD provides more flexibility in missions. Rudram-1 is installed in Su-30 MKI. It can also be applied to Mirage 2000, Rafael, Jaguar, and Tejas.