Kolkata from Delhi is 1500 km. Earthquakes also occurred in this belt a few days ago. Were light Were shallow. Were weak. Need to be afraid of these small earthquakes? Can it bring a big earthquake or its warning. In fact, tactonic plates form tension between plates continuously from collision, climbing, slopes.
Energy is made. If light earthquakes keep coming, then this energy keeps on releasing. In such a situation, there is a possibility of big earthquakes coming in between. If the energy pressure becomes high and it tries to get out faster, then terrible earthquakes may occur.
What kind of danger in Delhi
Delhi-NCR has always been threatened by a big earthquake. Will also remain. There are three major reasons behind this. The red line between Delhi to Hindukush and the Himalayas is very sensitive. If there is an earthquake of 7 or 8 magnitude in both places, then there can be huge destruction in the National Capital Region.
ALSO READ: Earthquake trembled in the morning of Bengal, shocks felt in Kolkata, 5.1 was intensity
First reason … The National Capital Region is just 250 km from the Himalayan collision zone.
Second reason … Three major fault lines pass through Delhi-NCR.
Third reason … Delhi-NCR has a large area in the fourth zone of the earthquake.
IIT Roorkee earthquake -scientist Professor Kamal says that the earthquake that is coming is very shallow. Are less deep. Therefore, when it comes, there is a faster roar. Due to the pillow, you can do more losses.
Now understand in detail …
The Indian tectonic plate where it collides with the Tibet plate is called the Himalayan collision area. This zone is 250 km away from Delhi-NCR. That is, the energy that comes out from the Indian plate growing 15 to 20 mm every year towards China causes an earthquake. Or there is an earthquake in the Hindukush present 1000 km away, even then Delhi starts moving. The capital geographically exists between two sensitive places.
There are actually two different types of movement and conflict blocks under the land of Delhi-NCR. In ordinary language, there are weak areas between the plates below the land of Delhi-NCR. These are called faults. Reverse faolting is taking place in the west direction inside the ground. Earlier it is in normal condition. Normal does not mean that there will be no seismic movement. But less than the West.
Also read: Why the earthquake continues in Delhi-NCR?
These blocks distribute these blocks to Delhi Haridwar Ridge/Mahendragarh-Dehradun Fault (DHR-MDF) in the northeast-south. Delhi Sargoda Ridge (DSR) is cutting it in the west. Due to which the thrust has become a fault. There are also some small fault lines around. All these fault lines and ridge are extremely weak from inside. Therefore, whenever there are waves of earthquakes from Hindukush and Himalayas, Delhi starts trembling badly.
Delhi is in the fourth zone of the earthquake. That is, the most dangerous zone just below the fifth zone. This zone of Delhi has been determined because Delhi is situated above the Introplate area. Therefore, it falls in the field of moderate and high risk earthquakes. Intraplate region means the effect of earthquakes coming in different ways inside the same tectonic plate affects Delhi-NCR. Therefore, the land of the capital starts moving fast.
5 magnitude earthquake, Delhi will start moving in 10 minutes
If there is an earthquake of 5 or more intensity on Hindukush or Himalayas, then its first wave will shake the land of Delhi in just 5 to 10 minutes. It depends on the depth of the earthquake. If the depth of the earthquake is low, such as recently came to Nepal, Türkiye or Pakistan. So the shock will be felt for less time but quickly. If the depth is high, as it comes to Afghanistan on the night of 21 March 2023, then the land of Delhi will continue to tremble for a long time. It is not necessary that in Delhi-NCR, its intensity was five on the Richter scale. She goes on decreasing.
Status under Delhi’s land
According to the report published in the Journal of Nature, the Ganga basin is spread over the area of ​​about 2.50 lakh square kilometers. It is present in the middle of the northern plains of the Indian peninsula and the Himalayas. It starts from the Delhi-Haridwar ridge located in the west to the Munger-Saharsa ridge in the east. The land of Delhi is close to the Aravalli-Delhi fold belt i.e. 54.40 crore to 250 crore years ago and near the western shore of the Ganges Basin.
Also read: The intensity of the Delhi earthquake is just 4 so why the voice is so terrible? Understand experts
The ground layer in the plains of Yamuna river is soft. Due to this soft layer, the wave of earthquake is more known. If the layer was solid, the wave would have been less known. The second thing is that the fault lines in Delhi, their depth is about 150 kilometers. On the other hand, the earthquake in Afghanistan had a depth of 156 kilometers. That is, if you look from inside the ground, then the fault line of Delhi is almost in the same depth which is parallel to the depth of the center of Afghanistan. That is, the wave is known for a long time.
Magnetic shocks also shake Delhi
Delhi-The work of shaking NCR does not only fluctuate and collides with tectonic plates. Rather, many times the magnetic waves coming from the center of the earth. Actually, the Trans Himalayan conductor (THC) is under the Ganges Basin. This is a conductive structure. Which attaches magnetic waves from below on the Ganges basin. ThC is present at a depth of 45 km wide and 15 km below the ground. It is electrically charged.
How many faults are there around Delhi-NCR
Delhi-NCR are Mahendragarh-Dehradun Fault, Delhi-Haridwar Ridge, Moradabad Fault, Sohna Fault, Mathura Fault and Great Boundary Fault. These weak links inside the ground keep shaking each other. If a single earthquake wave collides on a single fault line, then she shakes everyone else. Because of which the land of Delhi-NCR starts trembling.
What kind of earthquake is affected in Delhi
Delhi-NCR’s land is shaken in both Near Field Earthquake and Far-field Earthquake. Neer field means earthquakes around Delhi. For example, in 1720, an earthquake of 6.5 occurred in Delhi itself. In 1956, the 6.7 magnitude earthquake, which was the center of Bulandshahr. Or in 1960, an earthquake of 4.8 magnitude in Gurugram. For Field means seismic waves coming from far, such as Nepal, China, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Hindukush or Himalayas.
How Delhi finds an earthquake
By moving the land, Delhi-NCR comes to know how the earthquake occurred. But in Delhi-NCR, 25 seismic telemetry networks have been created. The National Center for Sismology (NCS) gets real time data directly from this network.
What will happen to Delhi if 7 magnitude earthquakes occur in the Himalayas?
Usually a 7 -magnitude earthquake causes two types of damage. The first is epistive damage i.e. in the range of 50 to 70 km of the earthquake. This is due to the main wave of earthquake. The main wave here starts spreading all around. This is called Surface Wave. They go from 200 to 400 kilometers. Many times the distance also increases. If there is such an earthquake of such intensity in Hindukush, then the destruction in Delhi is certain. Because the surface wave does not drop two-three storey buildings. If it is not weak. Surface wave damages buildings higher than 15 meters.
There is also an example of this. On 26 January 2001, there was an 8.1 magnitude earthquake in Bhuj, Gujarat. But its effect was also seen on the tall buildings of Ahmedabad, 310 km away. There was a lot of damage. Delhi is only 280 to 350 km from the Himalayan conflict area. That is, if the Himalayas 7 or 8 earthquakes occur, there is a possibility of heavy destruction in Delhi-NCR area.