NASAR’s joint Earth-Dinner Satellite Mission NISAR has achieved a major record. The huge radar of this mission has been successfully revealed in the antenna reflector space, which has been confirmed by @nasajpl. It is a milestone, which prepares it to accurately study the changing surface of the earth. Come, let’s understand what this mission is. How does it work What will be the benefit of this?
What is NISAR?
NISAR (NASA-Israo synthetic aperture radar) is a satellite designed to measure changes on the surface of the Earth. It was launched on 30 July 2025 from Sriharikota, India from the Satish Dhawan Space Center of ISRO. This satellite will scan most areas of the earth twice every 12 days. Its purpose is to give information on issues like natural disasters, climate change and food protection.
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Successful opening of antenna reflectors
The most important part of NISAR is its 12 meter diameter drumn radar antenna reflector. It was shrunk after launch. From 9 August to 13 August, it was slowly opened on a 9 meter boom. Then on August 15, small explosive bolts were fired, causing this “Bloom” process. This process is like opening an umbrella, in which the antenna left stress open and locked in the final position with the help of motor-cable.
NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) project manager Phil Berela said that this is NASA’s largest antenna reflectors ever. It is the result of years of design, testing and cooperation to see it successfully opening in space. This antenna is weighing 64 kg. The 123 composite is made of struts and a net of gold layer.
How does this work?
With the help of this antenna, Nisar can measure the changes in the surface of the earth up to centimeters, whether the weather is cloudy, dark or forest. It has two radar systems …
- L-Band Radar: Which works by penetrating clouds and forests.
- S-band radar: Which measures moisture in light vegetation and ice.
It is equipped with the “Interferometric Sar Imaging” technique, which shows a subtle change in the ground by comparing radar photos taken over time. This technique makes pictures like 3D movies, which is not possible with traditional radar.
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Nisar’s purpose and benefit
NISAR will monitor many aspects of the earth …
- Glacier and Snow: Will give information about the moving of glaciers and melting.
- Earthquake and Volcano: The earthquake will measure changes of the fault zone and volcanic.
- Jungle and swamps: Changes in vegetation, wet areas and ecology will show.
- Natural Disaster: Will warning of floods, landslides and volcanic eruptions.
- Food and Water Protection: Will monitor crops and water sources.
NASA’s Earth Science Division Director Karen St. German says that this mission will help us understand the dynamic system of the earth. This data will empower communities and decisions, which will improve infrastructure, deal with disasters and increase food and water security.
History and future of nisar
NISAR carries forward the heritage of JPL’s radar technology, which began with the 1978 CSAT Mission and the 1990 Magellan Mission (which mapped the surface of Venus). Now that the antenna has opened, the final investigation of the system is going on. According to JPL, this mission will start giving data from the end of this year (late fall).
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